- pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)
常用参数：－auxf
ps -auxf 显示进程状态
- df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
- du: Disk usage
- rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
- rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
- rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
- cat: concatenate 连锁
- cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
- insmod: install module,载入模块
- ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
- mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)
- touch: touch
- man: Manual
- su：Swith user(切换用户)
- cd：Change directory
- ls：List files
- ps：Process Status
- mkdir：Make directory
- rmdir：Remove directory
- mkfs: Make file system
- fsck：File system check
- uname: Unix name
- lsmod: List modules
- mv: Move file
- rm: Remove file
- cp: Copy file
- ln: Link files
- fg: Foreground
- bg: Background
- chown: Change owner
- chgrp: Change group
- chmod: Change mode
- umount: Unmount
- dd: 本来应根据其功能描述"Convert an copy"命名为"cc"，但"cc"已经被用以代表"CComplier"，所以命名为"dd"
- tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）
- ldd：List dynamic dependencies
- insmod：Install module
- rmmod：Remove module
- lsmod：List module
- 文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
- Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
- .a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
- .so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
- .o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
- RPM：Red hat package manager
- dpkg：Debian package manager
- apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）
其他 Linux 命令缩写
bin = Binaries (二进制文件) /dev = Devices (设备) /etc = Etcetera (等等) /lib = LIBrary /proc = Processes /sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件) /tmp = Temporary (临时) /usr = Unix Shared Resources /var = Variable (变量) FIFO = First In, First Out GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader IFS= Internal Field Seperators LILO = LInux LOader MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字， SQL = Structured QueryLanguage PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor PS = Prompt String Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =”Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister” Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying Circus Tcl = Tool Command Language Tk = ToolKit VT = Video Terminal YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool apache = “a patchy” server apt = Advanced Packaging Tool ar = archiver as = assembler awk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三个作者的姓的第一个字母 bash = Bourne Again SHell bc = Basic (Better) Calculator bg = BackGround biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。 cal = Calendar (日历) cat = Catenate (链接) cd = Change Directory chgrp = Change Group chmod = Change Mode chown = Change Owner chsh = Change Shell cmp = compare cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture comm = common cp = Copy cpio = CoPy In and Out cpp = C Pre Processor cron = Chronos 希腊文时间 cups = Common Unix Printing System cvs = Current Version System daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor dc = Desk Calculator dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储) df = Disk Free diff = Difference dmesg = diagnostic message du = Disk Usage ed = editor egrep = Extended GREP elf = Extensible Linking Format elm = ELectronic Mail emacs = Editor MACroS eval = EVALuate ex = EXtended exec = EXECute (执行) fd = file descriptors fg = ForeGround fgrep = Fixed GREP fmt = format fsck = File System ChecK fstab = FileSystem TABle fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager gawk = GNU AWK gpg = GNU Privacy Guard groff = GNU troff hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer joe = Joe’s Own Editor ksh = Korn SHell lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder lex = LEXical analyser lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses ln = Link lpr = Line PRint ls = list lsof = LiSt Open Files m4 = Macro processor Version 4 man = MANual pages mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK mc = Midnight Commander mkfs = MaKe FileSystem mknod = Make Node motd = Message of The Day mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa mtab = Mount TABle mv = Move nano = Nano’s ANOther editor nawk = New AWK nl = Number of Lines nm = names nohup = No HangUP nroff = New ROFF od = Octal Dump passwd = Passwd pg = pager pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor pine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm” ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability popd = POP Directory pr = pre printf = Print Formatted ps = Processes Status pty = pseudo tty pushd = PUSH Directory pwd = Print Working Directory rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell rev = REVerse rm = ReMove rn = Read News roff = RunOFF rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager rsh, rlogin, rvim中的 r = Remote rxvt = ouR XVT seamoneky = 我 sed = Stream Editor seq = SEQuence shar = Shell ARchive slrn = S-Lang rn ssh = Secure Shell ssl = Secure Sockets Layer stty = Set TTY su = Substitute User svn = SubVersion tar = Tape ARchive tcsh = TENEX C shell tee = T (T形水管接口) telnet = TEminaL over Network termcap = terminal capability terminfo = terminal information tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art tr = traslate troff = Typesetter new ROFF tsort = Topological SORT tty = TeleTypewriter twm = Tom’s Window Manager tz = TimeZone udev = Userspace DEV ulimit = User’s LIMIT umask = User’s MASK uniq = UNIQue i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient vim = Vi IMproved wall = write all wc = Word Count wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator xargs = eXtended ARGuments xdm = X Display Manager xlfd = X Logical Font Description xmms = X Multimedia System xrdb = X Resources DataBase xwd = X Window Dump yacc = yet another compiler compiler Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell su = Switch User MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation
