git diff 命令
git diff 命令比较文件的不同，即比较文件在暂存区和工作区的差异。
git diff 命令显示已写入暂存区和已经被修改但尚未写入暂存区文件的区别。
git diff 有两个主要的应用场景。
- 尚未缓存的改动：git diff
- 查看已缓存的改动： git diff --cached
- 查看已缓存的与未缓存的所有改动：git diff HEAD
- 显示摘要而非整个 diff：git diff --stat
显示暂存区和工作区的差异:
$ git diff [file]
显示暂存区和上一次提交(commit)的差异:
$ git diff --cached [file] 或 $ git diff --staged [file]
显示两次提交之间的差异:
$ git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch]
在 hello.php 文件中输入以下内容：
<?php echo '菜鸟教程：www.runoob.com'; ?>
使用 git status 查看状态：
$ git status -s
A README
AM hello.php
$ git diff
diff --git a/hello.php b/hello.php
index e69de29..69b5711 100644
--- a/hello.php
+++ b/hello.php
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<?php
+echo '菜鸟教程：www.runoob.com';
+?>
git status 显示你上次提交更新后的更改或者写入缓存的改动， 而 git diff 一行一行地显示这些改动具体是啥。
接下来我们来查看下 git diff --cached 的执行效果：
$ git add hello.php
$ git status -s
A README
A hello.php
$ git diff --cached
diff --git a/README b/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f87495
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Runoob Git 测试
diff --git a/hello.php b/hello.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69b5711
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hello.php
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<?php
+echo '菜鸟教程：www.runoob.com';
+?>
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